Downloads / Electricity

Innovation and the governance of energy industry codes

Dr. Matthew Lockwood (University of Exeter Energy Policy Group)   Energy industry codes are detailed multilateral agreements that define the terms under which participants can access networks and operate in markets. Adherence to codes is embedded in licence conditions. Codes thus effectively determine the detailed working of the gas and electricity systems and for any aspect of energy policy to function well industry codes must be sufficiently aligned with that policy (CMA 2015a). Despite their importance, relatively little attention is paid to codes in academic research.   With the energy system facing a period of rapid and far-reaching technological and institutional change, a key question is whether and how codes can be adapted to facilitate and support such change. Codes are ‘living documents’, and are continually being modified, so the answer to this question lies with the governance arrangements for code modification. The underlying principle for code governance, established at privatisation, has been self-governance by industry (with the regulator holding a final veto power). This is effectively a form of double delegation from the political sphere (Flinders 2008), in which Read more…

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Lockwood-Innovation-and-the-governance-of-energy-industry-codes1.pdf 741.44 KBLockwood-Innovation-and-the-governance-of-energy-industry-codes.pdf 681.34 KB
21st
Sep
2016

A Fit-For-Purpose energy policy for the European Union

Ms Samuela  Bassi, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom Prof Samuel Fankhauser, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom Dr  Maria Carvalho, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom •           Overview  and relevance Following the Paris Agreement, the focus of EU decision makers has turned again towards domestic policy. Good European and national policies will be essential to achieve the target outlined in the EU’s intended nationally determined contribution (INDC) in the most cost effective way. It is therefore particularly crucial to understand what works in climate policy, and whether the current EU policy architecture is able to facilitate the technology development required to meet future carbon reduction targets.   This paper aims to identify the effectiveness of European and domestic policies. It investigates their effectiveness, credibility and unintended consequences. In particular, it assesses whether the current policy framework is fit for purpose to accommodate the required technological and economic transformation Read more…

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Carvalho_A_Fit-for-Purpose_Energy_Policy_for_the_European_Union1.pdf 1.02 MBCarvalho_A_Fit-for-Purpose_Energy_Policy_for_the_European_Union.pdf 319.17 KB
21st
Sep
2016

The Impact of Demand Side Management on the Wholesale Prices of the British Electricity Market

Ms Sara  Lupo,  University of Edinburgh Dr Aristides E. Kiprakis, University of Edinburgh In its attempt to modernise the electricity grid the United Kingdom faces a lot of obstacles trying to accommodate for the needs of smarter and greener technologies that were not included in the energy picture when the original transmission and distribution (T&D) system was designed. The smart grid brings along a lot of additions, such as renewables, electricity storage, and demand side management (DSM) that will in long term provide a more resilient and independent power system. Currently, however, these technologies and their effect on wholesale electricity prices are yet to be fully examined. These technologies have potentially a very significant impact on electricity demand and this paper aims to assess the effect of DSM on future demand fluctuations and their impact on the wholesale prices of the British electricity market. There are three types of DSM, which are energy efficiency, dynamic demand, and demand response. The latter’s main goal is demand reduction in addition to helping with the integration of renewable energy; it is the main focus on Read more…

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Lupo-The-impact-of-demand-side-management-on-wholesale-prices.pdf 584.04 KBLupo-The-Impact-of-Demand-Side-Management-on-the-Wholesale-Prices-of-the-British-Electricity-Market.pdf 490.46 KB
21st
Sep
2016

Keeping the Lights On

Ian Marchant. In his former role as CEO of SSE, Ian Marchant was outspoken about the risk of the UK’s  ”lights going out” unless further action was taken over the generation and supply of power.  In March 2013 he  warned that the government was seriously underestimating the “capacity crunch” currently facing the country.  “The government is significantly underestimating the scale of the capacity crunch facing the UK in the next three years and there is a very real risk of the lights going out as a result.” He added the government could reduce this risk significantly by taking further action to provide a greater clarity on its various electricity market reforms and also by bringing forward capacity payments for existing plants from 2018 to 2014. In this presentation Ian discussed  how the UK can keep the lights on and on issues and challenges facing the energy sector. “Our modern way of life is almost completely dependent on the provision of reliable and affordable energy and as a result rarely a day goes past without the energy industry making headlines. I Read more…

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Keeping-the-Lights-on-Ian-Marchant-May22nd.pdf 1.45 MB
22nd
May
2014

Valuation of Interconenctor Transmission Rights – Do Auction Prices Reflect Option Values?

Ms Celine McInerney, University College Cork In electricity markets, interconnectors can be viewed as spread options on the spot prices of electricity between connected markets. Despite persistent price differentials between the Irish and British electricity markets, explicit transmission capacity auctions are undersubscribed and transmission rights acquired in auctions are not fully utilised. The aim of the work is to understand what specific factors are reducing market efficiency for transmission rights between Ireland and Britain. The valuation of transmission rights is significant for a number of reasons: (1) Efficient pricing of interconnector transmission capacity is critical for effective market coupling to achieve a single market for electricity. (2) Valuation of transmission rights is an important signal for new investment in interconnectors (3) adequate investment in interconnector transmission capacity is required to prevent wind curtailment. The valuation of transmission rights between the UK and European electricity markets assumes increased importance as the UK will become a net energy importer in coming years and as the level of intermittent renewable generation increases. The valuation of interconnector transmission rights raises both theoretical and policy Read more…

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Valuing-interconnector-transmission-rights-–-do-auction-prices-reflect-option-values.pdf 891.02 KBValuation-of-Interconnector-transmission-rights-2012-pap.pdf 200.22 KB
20th
Sep
2012

Decarbonising the UK Energy Market

 Jonathan Brearley, DECC DECC’s objective is to achieve secure, low carbon, affordable electricity; whilst meeting the UK targets for renewable energy and climate change. The 2050 Pathway Analysis shows that there are a range of ways to do this, but significant challenges for the UK electricity system are apparent. The pathways suggest a need for increased efficiency, a growing role for electricity within heat and transport (resulting in a potential doubling in demand by 2050) and a need to decarbonise the power sector by the 2030s. There are also security of supply concerns, as around a quarter of generating plant is expected to need replacing by 2020, resulting in a huge investment challenge  (£200b of investment needed and £110bn in electricity alone), which must be delivered at least cost to consumers. The current electricity market will not deliver this, so the Electricity Market Reform (EMR) proposes four measures to change the market (carbon price support, long term contracts for low carbon generation, an emissions performance standard and market wide/targeted capacity mechanism). The proposals have implications for the Governments low carbon Read more…

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Decarbonising the UK Energy Market.pdf 762.89 KB
22nd
Sep
2011

BERR Energy Group’s Long Term Scenarios and analysis underpinning the 2008 Nuclear White Paper

Mr Stephen Green, BERR  The effects of today’s energy policy will be seen long into the future. BERR Energy Group Scenarios has developed scenarios to aid analysis of the robustness of policy to future changes within the framework of some plausible alternative futures.  This part of the paper will give an overview of the scenario development, the scenarios themselves and a short account of how they have been used to aid thinking about policy within the department. The second part of the paper would illustrate developments in policy on nuclear power from the 2003 Energy White Paper to the present.  The analysis for the 2008 Nuclear White Paper was underpinned by a detailed cost-benefit analysis taking into account the impact on carbon dioxide emissions and energy security of supply and comparing nuclear with fossil fuel generation. Analysis was also undertaken using the MARKAL energy model to illustrate the implications of including or excluding nuclear in the long-term electricity generation mix.  It would also explain the range of options which exist to abate emissions of carbon dioxide and how we undertake Read more…

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25th
Sep
2008

Transition pathways for a low carbon energy system in the UK: assessing the compatibility of large-scale and small-scale options

Dr Tim Foxon, University of Leeds  This paper will describe initial work on transition pathways for a low carbon energy system in the UK, being pursued in a major new research project. The project is a collaboration between leading UK engineers, social scientists and policy analysts, supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and the energy company E.ON UK. The project aims to (a) to learn from past transitions to help explore future transitions and what might enable or avoid them; (b) to design and evaluate transition pathways towards alternative socio-technical energy systems and infrastructures for a low carbon future; and (c) to understand and where appropriate model the changing roles, influences and opportunities of large and small ‘actors’ in the dynamics of transitions. The paper will describe the development of outline transition pathways and the approach to assessing these through electricity network modelling and participatory interviews with stakeholders and end-users. Pathways being investigated include (1) those focussing on large-scale centralised low-carbon supply-side options, with greater roles for any or all of renewables, nuclear and fossil Read more…

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25th
Sep
2008

Sustainability challenges in regulating electricity distribution networks

Miss Rita Shaw, Electricity North West / University of Surrey  The price-control regulation of Great Britain’s regional electricity distribution networks was created in response to the post-privatisation efficiency challenge. The regulatory system has evolved into a complex framework of standards (including for security, customer service, facilitation of competition and asset management) together with a suite of financial incentives (around cost efficiency, customer interruptions, electrical losses, innovation and distributed generation). The poster/ paper will consider the incentives on the network businesses (DNOs) to support development of a low-carbon economy in the current regulatory framework. It will address the question: can the regulatory focus on competition and efficiency in distribution networks be reconciled with also achieving sustainable and secure energy services? The paper will review the extent to which sustainability objectives have been implemented in existing regulation, and examine the effect of specific scenarios on the DNOs eg changing demand behaviour, low-carbon generator connections. In April 2008 Ofgem is due to publish a consultation on the 2010-2015 distribution network price control. In addition, a comprehensive review of regulatory approach has recently been Read more…

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24th
Sep
2008

Market Reforms and Energy Security for the Poor in Developing Countries

Dr Judith Alazraque-Cherni, Imperial College London  Growing scrutiny of the impact of liberalisation policy on the electricity sector in developing countries has highlighted a lesser known aspect of market reforms by focusing on poor consumers and poorer areas. The paper indicates the incomplete and also contradictory character of the electricity market reforms for the poor and raises the question whether energy security for the poor is possible under this policy. Reforms were designed to increase access to affordable services by the poor; however, a growing body of studies indicates quite the opposite. This paper gives new insight into the conflicting effects of electricity market reforms showing generally adverse results for the poor by focusing on such aspects as access and supply in post and pre-reform times and disconnections and informal supply. It also explores the speed of post-reform electrification in relation to pre-reform electrification. Taking stock of the impact of liberalisation policies upon poor populations in developing countries after decades of implementation is necessary to reflect on future trends. Regional, national and local studies are used to obtain comparative information Read more…

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24th
Sep
2008

Downloads Archive

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